Romans 12

Sin, grace, faith, justification, Israel, Gentiles, ethics, community, government, conscience, and Paul's gospel.

Romans 12

WORLD ENGLISH BIBLE

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1
Therefore I urge you, brothers, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service.
2
Don’t be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what is the good, well-pleasing, and perfect will of God.
3
For I say through the grace that was given me, to every man who is among you, not to think of himself more highly than he ought to think; but to think reasonably, as God has apportioned to each person a measure of faith.
4
For even as we have many members in one body, and all the members don’t have the same function,
5
so we, who are many, are one body in Christ, and individually members of one another,
6
having gifts differing according to the grace that was given to us: if prophecy, let’s prophesy according to the proportion of our faith;
7
or service, let’s give ourselves to service; or he who teaches, to his teaching;
8
or he who exhorts, to his exhorting; he who gives, let him do it with generosity; he who rules, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.
9
Let love be without hypocrisy. Abhor that which is evil. Cling to that which is good.
10
In love of the brothers be tenderly affectionate to one another; in honor preferring one another;
11
not lagging in diligence; fervent in spirit; serving the Lord;
12
rejoicing in hope; enduring in troubles; continuing steadfastly in prayer;
13
contributing to the needs of the saints; given to hospitality.
14
Bless those who persecute you; bless, and don’t curse.
15
Rejoice with those who rejoice. Weep with those who weep.
16
Be of the same mind one toward another. Don’t set your mind on high things, but associate with the humble. Don’t be wise in your own conceits.
17
Repay no one evil for evil. Respect what is honorable in the sight of all men.
18
If it is possible, as much as it is up to you, be at peace with all men.
19
Don’t seek revenge yourselves, beloved, but give place to God’s wrath. For it is written, “Vengeance belongs to me; I will repay, says the Lord.”
20
Therefore
“If your enemy is hungry, feed him.
If he is thirsty, give him a drink;
for in doing so, you will heap coals of fire on his head.”
21
Don’t be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.

Where this chapter fits

Romans is an early Christian letter written into specific community circumstances; reading it well requires distinguishing the original audience from later universal application.

Chapter numbers were added long after the biblical books were written.

Read this chapter together with what comes immediately before and after it.

ANCIENT TEXT, MODERN QUESTIONS

Historical claims should be compared with historical evidence.

Scientific claims should be compared with science.

Moral claims should be examined morally.

Theological claims require theological and philosophical argument.

Don't skip the hard parts.

What does the chapter actually say?

Identify the explicit claims before importing later doctrine or assumptions.

What kind of literature is this?

Narrative, poetry, prophecy, law, letters, wisdom, and apocalypse communicate differently.

What historical evidence matters?

Ask whether names, places, institutions, events, customs, and chronology can be independently investigated.

What are the strongest competing interpretations?

Compare serious Jewish, Christian, academic, and skeptical readings rather than caricatures.

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